Bibliography – Ancient Greece: Φώς & Λέξη

Print Publications (MLA 9th Edition)

Φωκά, Ι., και Π. Βαλαβάνης. Αρχιτεκτονική και Πολεοδομία [Architecture and Urban Planning]. 2nd ed., Κέδρος Α.Ε., 1992.
Andronicos, Manolis. Olympia. Ekdotike Athenon S.A., 1987.
Aquilué, Xavier, et al. Εμποριον: Οδηγοί του Αρχαιολογικού Μουσείου της Καταλονίας [Emporion: Guide to the Archaeological Museum of Catalonia]. Translated by Νάννα Παπανικολάου, Museu d’Arqueologia de Catalunya, 2008.
Berens, E. M. The Myths and Legends of Ancient Greece and Rome. Maynard, Merril, & Co., 1880.
Boardman, John. Greek Sculpture: The Archaic Period. Thames and Hudson Ltd., 1978.
Bowie, Theodore, and Diether Thimmer, editors. The Carrey Drawings of the Parthenon Sculptures. Indiana UP, 1971.
Byron, Baron. A Self Portrait, in His Own Words. Edited by Peter Quennell, Oxford UP, 1990.
Cadogan, Gerald. Palaces of Minoan Crete. Methuen & Co., 1980.
Camp, John M. The Archaeology of Athens. Yale UP, 2001.
Camp II, John McK. Η Αγορά της Αρχαίας Αθήνας: Σύντομος Οδηγός [The Agora of Ancient Athens: A Short Guide]. American School of Classical Studies at Athens, 2004.
Croix, Horst de la, and Richard G. Tansey. Art Through the Ages. 8th ed., Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, 1986.
Dakaris, Sotirios. Dodona. Archaeological Receipts Fund, 1998.
Davaras, Costis. The Palace of Zakros. Archaeological Receipts Fund, 1989.
Dontas, George. The Acropolis and Its Museum. Translated by Alexandra Douma, Clio Editions, 1987.
Δημητρίου, Π. Θεοχάρη. Νεολιθκός Πολιτισμός: Σύντομη επισκόπηση της Νεολιθικής στον Ελλαδικό Χώρο [Neolithic Culture: A Brief Overview of the Neolithic in the Greek Area]. Μορφωτικό Ίδρυμα Εθνικής Τράπεζας, 1981.
Etienne, H. J. The Chisel in Greek Sculpture. E. J. Brill, 1968.
Gouvousis, N. The Acropolis of Athens. Gouvousis, 1995.
Green, Peter. The Greco-Persian Wars. U of California P, 1996.
Hall, Jonathan M. A History of the Archaic Greek World, ca. 1200–479 BCE. Blackwell Publishing, 2007.
Hamilton, Edith. Mythology. Illustrated by Steele Savage, Little, Brown and Company, 1942.
Hardy, D. A., editor. Thera and the Aegean World III. The Thera Foundation, 1990.
Herodotus. The Histories. Translated by Aubrey de Sélincourt, Penguin Classics, 1996.
Herodotus. The History of Herodotus. Translated by G. C. Macaulay, Kindle ed., vol. 1 & 2, 2011.
Hesiod. Theogony. Translated by Hugh G. Evelyn-White, Loeb Classical Library, 1914.
Hesiod. Delphi Complete Works of Hesiod. Kindle ed., Delphi Classics, 2013.
Higgins, Michael D., and Reynold Higgins. A Geological Companion to Greece and the Aegean. Cornell UP, 1996.
Homer. The Iliad. Translated by Robert Fagles, Penguin Putnam Inc., 1990.
Homer. The Iliad. Translated by Alexander Pope, Kindle ed., 2012.
Iakovidis, S. E. Mycenae-Epidaurus. Ekdotike Athenon, 2001.
Kagan, Donald. The Peloponnesian War. Viking, 2003.
Kaltsas, Nikolaos. Sculpture in the National Archaeological Museum, Athens. Translated by David Hardy, Kapon Editions, 2002.
Kanta, Athanasia. Phaistos, Hagia Triadha, Gortyn. Adam Editions, 1998.
Knigge, Ursula. The Athenian Kerameikos: History – Monuments – Excavations. Irene Editions, 1991.
Konsola, Dora. Delphi: The Archaeological Site and the Museum. Olympic Color.
Marinatos, Nano. Art and Religion in Thera: Reconstructing a Bronze Age Society. I. Mathioulakis & Co.
Martin, Thomas R. Ancient Greece: From Prehistoric to Hellenistic Times. Yale UP, 1996.
McInerney, Jeremy. The Formation of the Kingdoms: Alexander the Great and the Hellenistic Age. Audio lecture, The Teaching Company, 2000.
Mee, Christopher, and Antony Spawforth. Oxford Archaeological Guides: Greece. Oxford UP, 2001.
Meilach, Dona Z. Contemporary Stone Sculpture: Aesthetics, Methods, Application. General Publishing Company, 1970.
Meletzis, Spyros, and Helen Papadakis. National Museum of Archaeology, Athens. Art Editions Meletzis & H. Papadakis, 1985.
Morris, David. “Un-Forgetting Asclepius: An Erotics of Illness.” New Literary History, vol. 38, no. 3, 2007, pp. 419-41.
Paine, Lincoln P. The Sea and Civilization: A Maritime History of the World. Kindle ed., Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group.
Pantelidou Gofas, Maria. Neolithic Attica. The Archaeological Society at Athens, 2000.
Παπανικολάου, Ν. Αλέξανδρος. Μαθηματικά, Μουσική, Αρχιτεκτονική στην Αρχαία Ελλάδα[Mathematics, Music, Architecture in Ancient Greece]. Υπουργείο Πολιτισμού, 2000.
Papapostolou, J. A. Crete. Clio Editions, 1981.
Pausanias. Guide to Greece 1: Central Greece. Translated by Peter Levi, Penguin Classics, 1971.
Payne, Humfry. Archaic Marble Sculpture from the Acropolis. The Cresset Press, 1950.
Petrakos, Basil Chr. Delphi. Esperos Edition, 1971.
Preziosi, Donald, and Louise A. Hitchcock. Aegean Art and Architecture. Oxford UP, 1999.
Rhodes, Robin Francis. Architecture and Meaning on the Athenian Acropolis. Cambridge UP, 1995.
Runnels, Curtis, and Priscilla Murray. Greece Before History: An Archaeological Companion and Guide. Stanford UP, 2001.
Sascett, L. H. The Palaikastro Kouros: A Masterpiece of Minoan Sculpture in Ivory and Gold. Archaeological Receipts Fund, 2006.
Savage, George. A Concise History of Bronzes. Praeger, 1969.
Schwab, Gustav. Gods and Heroes of Ancient Greece. Pantheon, 2001.
Scully, Vincent. The Earth, the Temple, and the Gods: Greek Sacred Architecture. Praeger, 1962.
Stanton, Charles D. Medieval Maritime Warfare. Pen & Sword Maritime, 2015.
Stewart, Andrew. Art, Desire, and the Body in Ancient Greece. Cambridge UP, 1997.
Stokstad, Marilyn. Art History. 2nd ed., Prentice Hall, Inc., 2002.
Strauss, Barry. The Trojan War: A New History. Simon and Schuster, Inc., 2006.
Thucydides. The Landmark Thucydides: A Comprehensive Guide to the Peloponnesian War. Edited by Robert B. Strassler, Touchstone, 1998.
Tsakos, Konstantinos. Delos-Mykonos: A Guide to the History and Archaeology. Hesperos Editions, 1998.
Vasilakis, Antonis. Heraclion Archaeological Museum. Adam Edition.
Vermeule, Emily. Greece in the Bronze Age. U of Chicago P, 1972.
Wiseman, James, and Konstantinos Zachos, editors. Landscape Archaeology in Southern Epirus, Greece I. American School of Classical Studies at Athens, 2003.
Zaphiropoulou, Photini. Delos: Monuments and Museum. Krene, 1993.

Online Articles and Resources (MLA 9th Edition)

Williams, R. T. “Ships in Greek Vase-Painting.” Greece & Rome, vol. 18, no. 54, 1949, pp. 126–37. JSTOR, www.jstor.org/stable/641335. Accessed 22 Jan. 2025.
The Acropolis Restoration Service. YSMA, ysma.culture.gr.
Αγγελακοπούλου, Ελένη. “Αναζητώντας τα χρώματα του Παρθενώνα” [“Searching for the Colors of the Parthenon”]. YouTube, uploaded by Fryktories Web Channel, 27 May 2025, youtu.be/aURm2n3YQ2s?si=nO1-kKnWOKYQO0J5.
Allen, Susan E. “Second Impressions: Expanding the Range of Cereals from Early Neolithic Franchthi Cave, Greece.” Ethnobiology Letters, ojs.ethnobiology.org/index.php/ebl/article/view/1065/636/.
Anthropology.net. “Apidima 1: A New Look at Old Skull.” Anthropology.net, 11 July 2019, anthropologynet.wordpress.com/2019/07/11/apidima-1-a-new-look-at-old-skull/.
Αρχαιολογία και Τέχνες. “New Evidence of the Mesolithic Period in Greece.” Archaeology Wiki, www.archaeology.wiki/blog/issue/new-evidence-of-the-mesolithic-period-in-greece/.
Ashliman, D. L. “Cupid and Psyche.” University of Pittsburgh, 1996, pitt.edu/%7edash/cupid.html.
Atsma, Aaron J. “ATE: Goddess or Spirit of Blind Folly & Delusion.” Theoi Classical Texts Library, www.theoi.com/Daimon/Ate.html.
Cartwright, Mark. “Ares.” World History Encyclopedia, 11 July 2012, www.ancient.eu.com/Ares/.
Cartwright, Mark. “The Temple of Artemis at Ephesus: The Un-Greek Temple and Wonder.” World History Encyclopedia, 18 Jan. 2012, www.ancient.eu.com/article/128/.
Chaniotis, Angelos, and Joannis Mylonopoulos. “Epigraphic Bulletin for Greek Religion 2004.” Kernos, kernos.revues.org/201.
The Cost of the Parthenon. Swansea University, www.swan.ac.uk/classics/staff/dg/www/parthcost.htm.
Dartmouth College. “Aegean Prehistoric Archaeology: Lesson 1, The Southern Greek Paleolithic, Mesolithic, and Neolithic Sequence at Franchthi.” 1 Jan. 2015, www.ancient.eu.com/Ares/.
Encyclopædia Britannica. Encyclopædia Britannica Inc., 2014, https://www.britannica.com.
Epictetus. “The Discourses.” The Internet Classics Archive, classics.mit.edu/Epictetus/discourses.mb.txt.
Geological Companion to Greece and the Aegean. Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, wwwdsa.uqac.uquebec.ca/~mhiggins/athen.htm.
The Greek Age of Bronze. The Greek Age of Bronze, wwwdsa.uqac.uquebec.ca/~mhiggins/athen.htm.
Harvati, K., C. Röding, A.M. Bosman, et al. “Apidima Cave Fossils Provide Earliest Evidence of Homo Sapiens in Eurasia.” Nature, vol. 571, 2019, pp. 500–504, doi.org/10.1038/s41586-019-1376-z.
Hunt, J. M. “The Wanderings of Dionysus.” San Diego State University, edweb.sdsu.edu/people/bdodge/scaffold/gg/wanderDionysus.html.
Independence Inventories. Bryn Mawr College, www.brynmawr.edu/classics/delian.html.
Korres, Manolis. “Restoration Work on the Acropolis Monuments.” YouTube, uploaded by Fundación Culturas Constructivas Tradicionales, 8 April 2025, youtu.be/aURm2n3YQ2s?si=nO1-kKnWOKYQO0J5.
Κριτζάς, Χαράλαμπος. “Γραφές και Επιγραφές της Κρήτης” [“Scripts and Inscriptions of Crete”]. YouTube, 24 Apr. 2025, https://youtu.be/8vtYU-duye4?si=0N1ziqkfChJ8PfcC.
Manning, Sturt W. “The Thera (Santorini) Volcanic Eruption and the Absolute Chronology of the Aegean Bronze Age.” Cornell University, 2006, http://www.arts.cornell.edu/classics/Faculty/SManning_files/testoftime.pdf
The Metropolitan Museum of Art. “Met Timeline: Southern Europe.” Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History, www.metmuseum.org/toah/ht/02/eus/ht02eus.htm.
Nakassis, D. “The Mycenaeans in Greek History: Orientalism and Master Narratives.” Mar. 2025, www.metmuseum.org/toah/ht/02/eus/ht02eus.htm.
Newton, Isaac. Newton Papers. University of Cambridge Digital Library, cudl.lib.cam.ac.uk/view/MS-ADD-03996/1. Accessed 24 Jan. 2025.
Pahpitis, Nicholas. “Newly Discovered Stone Tools Drag Dawn of Greek Archaeology Back by a Quarter-Million Years.” Associated Press, apnews.com/article/greece-archaeology-oldest-site-stone-tools-3e84007cde4d77a2725b7877b9b38335.
Perseus Digital Library. Tufts University, www.perseus.org.
Pitsios, Th. K. “Paleoanthropological Research at the Cave Site of Apidima and the Surrounding Region (South Peloponnese, Greece).” Anthropologischer Anzeiger, vol. 57, no. 1, 1999, pp. 1–11. JSTOR, www.jstor.org/stable/29540829. Accessed 2 Jan. 2025.
Plato. Phaedo. Project Gutenberg, 16 May 2025, https://www.gutenberg.org/files/1658/1658-h/1658-h.htm.
Renfrew, Colin. “Cycladic Seafaring from the Palaeolithic to the World’s First Maritime.” YouTube, 18 Mar. 2025, youtu.be/aURm2n3YQ2s?si=nO1-kKnWOKYQO0J5.
Smithsonian Institution. “Volcanic Regions List: Methana.” Global Volcanism Program, 9 Feb. 2025, volcano.si.edu/volcano.cfm?vn=212020.
Σπανός, Στέφανος. “Ναυάγια της Εποχής του Χαλκού στη Μεσόγειο” [“Bronze Age Shipwrecks in the Mediterranean”]. YouTube, 27 Apr. 2025, https://youtu.be/g75pVTG_rIU?si=o1f8PJEJgc5CJqtF.
Walter L. Friedrich, et al. “Santorini Eruption Radiocarbon Dated to 1627-1600 B.C.” Science, www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/short/312/5773/548.
World History Encyclopedia. “Bronze Age Civilizzations map; Mediterranean Trade in the Bronze Age Map”. www.worldhistory.org. Mar. 2025.
World History Encyclopedia. “Trade Links Between the Roman Empire and the East (1st – 3d centuries)”. www.worldhistory.org. July 22, 2025.

Map Sources (MLA 9th Edition)

For place-specific sources see the map directory

Ancient Ports – Ports Antiques. “Ancient Sailing on the Mediterranean Sea.” The Catalogue of Ancient Ports, https://www.ancientportsantiques.com/ancient-port-structures/design-waves/. Accessed 7 Oct. 2025.
Ancient Ports – Ports Antiques. “Design Waves for Coastal Structures on the Mediterranean Coasts.” The Catalogue of Ancient Ports, https://www.ancientportsantiques.com/ancient-port-structures/design-waves/. Accessed 20 Sept. 2025.
Barbariol, Francesco, et al. “Wind Waves in the Mediterranean Sea: An ERA5 Reanalysis Wind-Based Climatology.” JSTOR, [suspicious link removed]. Accessed 8 Mar. 2025.
Boero, Ferdinando. “CoCoNet: Towards Coast to Coast Networks of Marine Protected Areas.” ResearchGate, https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Mean-annual-wind-speed-m-s-and-direction-for-the-Black-Sea-SeaWind-II-obtained-from_fig10_322128784. Accessed 9 Oct. 2025.
Braudel, Fernand. The Mediterranean and the Mediterranean World in the Age of Philip II. Vol. I, Harper Colophon Books, 1966.
Casson, Lionel. “Speed Under Sail of Ancient Ships.” Transactions and Proceedings of the American Philological Association, vol. 82, digitized by LacusCurtius, https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Journals/TAPA/82/Speed_under_Sail_of_Ancient_Ships*.html. Accessed 21 July 2025.
Department of Geography. “GEOG 486: Cartography and Visualization.” Penn State College of Earth and Mineral Sciences, https://www.e-education.psu.edu/geog486/node/557. Accessed 21 July 2025.
Dream Yacht. “Sail the Aegean by the Downwind Route.” Dream Yacht Worldwide, https://www.dreamyachtcharter.com/blog/sail-the-aegean-by-the-downwind-route/. Accessed 20 Sept. 2025.
Google Maps. Google, https://maps.google.com. Accessed 20 Jan. 2026.
Graauw, Arthur de. Ancient Coastal Settlements, Ports and Harbours. Volume I: The Catalogue. 9th ed., 2024, www.ancientportsantiques.com/wp-content/uploads/Documents/AUTHORS/AdG/AncientPortsVol-I-List.pdf. Accessed 23 Mar. 2025.
Hall, Jonathan M. A History of the Archaic Greek World ca. 1200–479 BCE. Blackwell Publishing, 2007.
Konstam, Angus. Historical Atlas of Ancient Greece. Checkmark Books for Thalamus Publishing, 2003.
Levi, Peter. Atlas of the Greek World. Andromeda Oxford Limited, 2000.
Morkot, Robert. The Penguin Historical Atlas of Ancient Greece. Penguin Books, 1996.
NASA Earth Observatory. NASA, earthobservatory.nasa.gov/.
Natural Earth. Free Vector and River Map Data, 2025, www.naturalearthdata.com.
Pantelidou Gofas, Maria. Neolithic Attica. The Archaeological Society at Athens, 2000.
Past Worlds: The Times Atlas of Archaeology. Times Books Limited, 1988.
Pleiades: A Gazetteer of Past Places. https://pleiades.stoa.org.
The Prentice Hall Atlas of Western Civilization. Pearson Education Inc., 2009.
Rosenberg, Daniel, and Anthony Grafton. Cartographies of Time: A History of the Timeline. Princeton Architectural Press, 2010.
Runnels, Curtis, and Priscilla Murray. Greece Before History: An Archaeological Companion and Guide. Stanford UP, 2001.
Talbert, Richard J. A., editor. The Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World. Princeton UP, 2000.
Thucydides. The Landmark Thucydides: A Comprehensive Guide to the Peloponnesian War. Edited by Robert B. Strassler, Touchstone, 1998.
ToposText. Aikaterini Laskaridis Foundation, https://topostext.org.
Vermeule, Emily. Greece in the Bronze Age. U of Chicago P, 1972.
Waterfield, Robin. Dividing the Spoils: The War for Alexander the Great’s Empire. Kindle ed., Oxford UP, 2011.
Wijngaarden, Gert Jan van. “Foreign Affairs: Diplomacy, Trade, War and Migration in the Mycenaean Mediterranean (1400-1100 BC).” Openedition Books, https://books.openedition.org/pucl/6802. Accessed 9 Mar. 2025.
Wikipedia. “Category: Maps of Ancient Greece.” Wikimedia Commons, https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Maps_of_ancient_Greece. Accessed Mar. 2025.
Wiseman, James, and Konstantinos Zachos, editors. Landscape Archaeology in Southern Epirus, Greece I. American School of Classical Studies at Athens, 2003.
World History Encyclopedia. “Bronze Age Civilizations Map; Mediterranean Trade in the Bronze Age Map.” https://www.worldhistory.org. Accessed Mar. 2025.
World History Encyclopedia. “Trade Links Between the Roman Empire and the East (1st – 3d Centuries).” https://www.worldhistory.org. Accessed 22 July 2025.

And many more…